Is It Celiac Disease Or Gluten Sensitivity?

This month we're going to address going gluten free. First we'll delve into some health issues associated with gluten (a protein found in wheat and some other grains), and then we'll share some helpful tips for avoiding gluten, and preparing gluten-free meals. Throughout the month we will also be sharing lots of tasty gluten-free recipes you can make at home yourself from scratch. If you suffer from gluten sensitivity or gluten-related health problems, you will want to stay tuned throughout the month of April - help (and health) is on the way!

There is a lot of talk about eating a gluten-free diet these days. It may be a bit confusing to the casual observer, especially when the term 'celiac disease' is thrown into the mix.

Does everyone on a gluten-free diet have celiac disease? Do you need to be diagnosed with celiac disease to start a gluten-free diet? Is it important to know if you have celiac disease or not?

Endoscopic image of duodenum in individual with celiac disease, showing scalloping of the folds and cracked-mud appearance of the mucosa. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

What defines celiac disease is damage to the small intestine. When a person with celiac disease eats the protein gluten, it damages the 'villi' of the small intestine. This damage  makes it almost impossible for nutrients to be absorbed into the body and bloodstream, which leads to a nutrient imbalance and malnourishment. 

If left untreated, celiac disease can lead to osteoporosis, thyroid disease, infertility, cancer, and other diseases and conditions. Celiac disease is a hereditary autoimmune disease. For these reasons, being tested for celiac disease may be in your, and your family's, best interest.

It's true that 'celiac disease' and 'gluten sensitivity' both present similar symptoms, making the diagnosis process lengthy sometimes. However, the only way to diagnose celiac disease is with a blood test and, if warranted, a biopsy. Diagnosis based on symptoms alone will not be enough when celiac disease is suspected.

Celiac disease and gluten sensitivity are treated the same; a gluten-free diet. There are currently no medications to treat either condition. However, complications from untreated celiac disease (as mentioned above) may result in further treatment for related conditions.

The good news is that both conditions can be treated successfully simply by changing your dietary habits. Once a gluten-free diet is followed for several weeks, both people with celiac disease and people who have gluten sensitivity will feel relief from their symptoms. If they return to a diet with gluten, the symptoms will return.

Some of the symptoms that present for both celiac disease and gluten sensitivity are as follows:

• abdominal pain
• bloating and gas
• diarrhea
• constipation
• fatigue
• skin rash
• mouth sores
• numb feet and/or hands
• weight loss
• weight gain
• poor growth
• bone fractures
• thinning tooth enamel or discoloration

A variety of foods made from wheat, and containing gluten. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

You can see why diagnosing celiac disease can take years! These symptoms may be explained in many different ways, and may manifest differently in different people - or even at different times in the same person. But, what's important to understand is that if you suffer more than a few of these symptoms, and they are persistent, you will want to talk to your doctor or other health professional.

Is it important to know whether you have celiac disease or have gluten sensitivity? If these symptoms are new to you, and avoiding gluten makes the symptoms disappear, you can discuss this with your doctor to see if you have all the information you need to start a gluten-free lifestyle.

However, if these symptoms have been plaguing you for some time, or if you have any conditions outside of these symptoms, you want to ask your doctor to test you for celiac disease. Since celiac disease is hereditary and it does cause small intestine damage, having a diagnosis may make you and your family more aware of the risks. That knowledge may also be what you need to stay focused and vigilant with your health and the health of your family.

Be sure to check back later this week for some tasty gluten-free recipes to start off your new gluten-free diet!

The Benefits of Going Gluten-Free With Quinoa

We mentioned quinoa last week in one of our recipes, but realized that some people may not be familiar with quinoa. If you aren't, get ready to learn about a tasty and healthy addition to your diet - one that may be easier on your body than other types of grain - especially for those sensitive to gluten.

4 gluten sources. Top: High-gluten wheat flour. Right: European spelt. Bottom: Barley. Left: Rolled rye flakes. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

Gluten is basically a protein 'glue' composite that is present in many grains, such as wheat. It's what gives dough elasticity. Why would anyone want to avoid this protein?  Because, for some, gluten causes health problems due to an intolerance. This is a situation that requires a change in diet.  At first glance, it may seem impossible to avoid gluten because it's so prevalent in almost everything we see on the grocery store shelves.  However, once you discover quinoa, you'll find a whole world of food to enjoy!

Is Quinoa Truly Gluten-Free?

Yes, quinoa is a gluten-free food. Because quinoa is a seed, not a grain, the structure of quinoa is totally different from that of grain. For people who are on a strict gluten-free diet, concerns about cross-contamination with airborne wheat or other grains containing gluten can be put to rest. This is due to the fact that most of the world's quinoa supply, which comes from the Ancient Harvest Company, is grown at an elevation of over 12,000 feet in Bolivia. Because of this high altitude, gluten-bearing grains cannot survive, meaning that cross-contamination with gluten grains does not occur. As you can see, it is easy to go gluten free using quinoa as a good source of nutrition. Let's examine a few other reasons why going gluten free can be simple using quinoa.

Protein

Quinoa is packed with protein, containing all 9 essential amino acids. It is also believed to be easier for the body to digest quinoa than most other plant-based proteins. Milk has a similar protein structure, which the body is designed to utilize. The intolerance that some people have for milk is actually caused by the difficulty breaking down the lactose in the milk, not the protein structures. Giving your body a bunch of fuel to run on throughout your day requires protein, and quinoa is a great way to go, and keep going.

Essential Fats And Vitamins

Quinoa is a good source of Omega 3 and Omega 6, the essential fatty acids our body and brain needs to function correctly. You'll also find quinoa to be a rich source of Vitamin E.  You'll recognize these healthy components in just about every age-reducing cream you see in the drugstore. Add to the list the all important antioxidants, folate, and B vitamins that you'll get and you have a healthy powerhouse in quinoa.  Eating gluten-free certainly doesn't mean you have to miss out on any nutrition, at least when you add quinoa to your diet.

Minerals

Quinoa is particularly high in manganese and is also a good source of magnesium. These two minerals combined helps support a healthy immune system and synthesize fatty acids and cholesterol. Quinoa also has increased levels of iron and copper which are basic necessities for healthy blood supply. You'll also find phosphorus, zinc, and even a little calcium thrown into the mix. Eating quinoa as a regular part of your gluten-free diet can certainly replace and boost your nutrition.

Recipe Idea: Quinoa-Crusted Scallop (Photo credit: ulterior epicure)

Lower Carbs

Gluten free diets usually come with their own challenges. One of those challenges is finding a way to reduce your intake of carbohydrates. This often leads to using rice more often.  However, a cup of cooked white rice has about 44 net grams of carbs (that's total carbs minus dietary fiber.)  A cup of cooked brown rice has about 41 net grams of carbs.  Compared to a cup of cooked quinoa at about 34 net grams of carbs, the choice to eat quinoa could make sense.  Now, eating quinoa doesn't save extreme amounts of carbs, but if you replace rice with quinoa in your favorite recipes routinely, over time you will be saving quite a bit.  If you are looking for ways to lower your carb intake while eating gluten-free, substituting quinoa for some of the rice you use is probably a wise decision.

There are so many reasons to go gluten-free with quinoa. Whether you are looking to increase your protein, healthy fats, or maintain a healthy blood supply, quinoa is the newest food to add to your diet. If your desire is to cut down the amount of carbohydrates you are taking in on your current gluten-free diet, then quinoa is your go-to food. Making the transition to a gluten-free diet is the easiest move in the world as long as you have quinoa on your plate.

And if you're not sure how to cook or use it, don't worry - we'll share plenty of yummy quinoa recipes on this blog!